使用GSON库将Java中的map键值对应结构对象转换为JSON

Map的存储结构式Key/Value形式,Key 和 Value可以是普通类型,也可以是自己写的JavaBean(本文),还可以是带有泛型的List.

（GSON的GitHub项目页：https://github.com/google/gson）

JavaBean

本例中您要重点看如何将Json转回为普通JavaBean对象时TypeToken的定义.

实体类:

public class Point { 
  private int x; 
  private int y; 
 
  public Point(int x,int y) { 
    this.x = x; 
    this.y = y; 
  } 
 
  public int getX() { 
    return x; 
  } 
 
  public void setX(int x) { 
    this.x = x; 
  } 
 
  public int getY() { 
    return y; 
  } 
 
  public void setY(int y) { 
    this.y = y; 
  } 
 
  @Override 
  public String toString() { 
    return "Point [x=" + x + ",y=" + y + "]"; 
  } 
 
} 

测试类:

import java.util.LinkedHashMap; 
import java.util.Map; 
 
import com.google.gson.Gson; 
import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder; 
import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken; 
 
public class GsonTest3 { 
 
  public static void main(String[] args) { 
    Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().enableComplexMapKeySerialization() 
        .create(); 
 
    Map<Point,String> map1 = new LinkedHashMap<Point,String>();// 使用LinkedHashMap将结果按先进先出顺序排列 
    map1.put(new Point(5,6),"a"); 
    map1.put(new Point(8,8),"b"); 
    String s = gson.toJson(map1); 
    System.out.println(s);// 结果:[[{"x":5,"y":6},"a"],[{"x":8,"y":8},"b"]] 
 
    Map<Point,String> retMap = gson.fromJson(s,new TypeToken<Map<Point,String>>() { 
        }.getType()); 
    for (Point p : retMap.keySet()) { 
      System.out.println("key:" + p + " values:" + retMap.get(p)); 
    } 
    System.out.println(retMap); 
 
    System.out.println("----------------------------------"); 
    Map<String,Point> map2 = new LinkedHashMap<String,Point>(); 
    map2.put("a",new Point(3,4)); 
    map2.put("b",new Point(5,6)); 
    String s2 = gson.toJson(map2); 
    System.out.println(s2); 
 
    Map<String,Point> retMap2 = gson.fromJson(s2,new TypeToken<Map<String,Point>>() { 
        }.getType()); 
    for (String key : retMap2.keySet()) { 
      System.out.println("key:" + key + " values:" + retMap2.get(key)); 
    } 
 
  } 
} 

结果:

[[{"x":5,"b"]] 
key:Point [x=5,y=6] values:a 
key:Point [x=8,y=8] values:b 
{Point [x=5,y=6]=a,Point [x=8,y=8]=b} 
---------------------------------- 
{"a":{"x":3,"y":4},"b":{"x":5,"y":6}} 
key:a values:Point [x=3,y=4] 
key:b values:Point [x=5,y=6] 

泛型List

实体类:

import java.util.Date; 
 
public class Student { 
  private int id; 
  private String name; 
  private Date birthDay; 
 
  public int getId() { 
    return id; 
  } 
 
  public void setId(int id) { 
    this.id = id; 
  } 
 
  public String getName() { 
    return name; 
  } 
 
  public void setName(String name) { 
    this.name = name; 
  } 
 
  public Date getBirthDay() { 
    return birthDay; 
  } 
 
  public void setBirthDay(Date birthDay) { 
    this.birthDay = birthDay; 
  } 
 
  @Override 
  public String toString() { 
    return "Student [birthDay=" + birthDay + ",id=" + id + ",name=" 
        + name + "]"; 
  } 
 
} 


public class Teacher { 
  private int id; 
 
  private String name; 
 
  private String title; 
 
  public int getId() { 
    return id; 
  } 
 
  public void setId(int id) { 
    this.id = id; 
  } 
 
  public String getName() { 
    return name; 
  } 
 
  public void setName(String name) { 
    this.name = name; 
  } 
 
  public String getTitle() { 
    return title; 
  } 
 
  public void setTitle(String title) { 
    this.title = title; 
  } 
 
  @Override 
  public String toString() { 
    return "Teacher [id=" + id + ",name=" + name + ",title=" + title 
        + "]"; 
  } 
 
} 

测试类:

package com.tgb.lk.demo.gson.test4; 
 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.Date; 
import java.util.LinkedHashMap; 
import java.util.List; 
import java.util.Map; 
 
import com.google.gson.Gson; 
import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken; 
 
public class GsonTest4 { 
  public static void main(String[] args) { 
    Student student1 = new Student(); 
    student1.setId(1); 
    student1.setName("李坤"); 
    student1.setBirthDay(new Date()); 
 
    Student student2 = new Student(); 
    student2.setId(2); 
    student2.setName("曹贵生"); 
    student2.setBirthDay(new Date()); 
 
    Student student3 = new Student(); 
    student3.setId(3); 
    student3.setName("柳波"); 
    student3.setBirthDay(new Date()); 
 
    List<Student> stulist = new ArrayList<Student>(); 
    stulist.add(student1); 
    stulist.add(student2); 
    stulist.add(student3); 
 
    Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher(); 
    teacher1.setId(1); 
    teacher1.setName("米老师"); 
    teacher1.setTitle("教授"); 
 
    Teacher teacher2 = new Teacher(); 
    teacher2.setId(2); 
    teacher2.setName("丁老师"); 
    teacher2.setTitle("讲师"); 
    List<Teacher> teacherList = new ArrayList<Teacher>(); 
    teacherList.add(teacher1); 
    teacherList.add(teacher2); 
 
    Map<String,Object> map = new LinkedHashMap<String,Object>(); 
    map.put("students",stulist); 
    map.put("teachers",teacherList); 
 
    Gson gson = new Gson(); 
    String s = gson.toJson(map); 
    System.out.println(s); 
 
    System.out.println("----------------------------------"); 
 
    Map<String,Object> retMap = gson.fromJson(s,List<Object>>>() { 
        }.getType()); 
 
    for (String key : retMap.keySet()) { 
      System.out.println("key:" + key + " values:" + retMap.get(key)); 
      if (key.equals("students")) { 
        List<Student> stuList = (List<Student>) retMap.get(key); 
        System.out.println(stuList); 
      } else if (key.equals("teachers")) { 
        List<Teacher> tchrList = (List<Teacher>) retMap.get(key); 
        System.out.println(tchrList); 
      } 
    } 
 
  } 
} 

输出结果:

{"students":[{"id":1,"name":"李坤","birthDay":"Jun 22,2012 9:48:19 PM"},{"id":2,"name":"曹贵生",{"id":3,"name":"柳波",2012 9:48:19 PM"}],"teachers":[{"id":1,"name":"米老师","title":"教授"},"name":"丁老师","title":"讲师"}]} 
---------------------------------- 
key:students values:[{id=1.0,name=李坤,birthDay=Jun 22,2012 9:48:19 PM},{id=2.0,name=曹贵生,{id=3.0,name=柳波,2012 9:48:19 PM}] 
[{id=1.0,2012 9:48:19 PM}] 
key:teachers values:[{id=1.0,name=米老师,title=教授},name=丁老师,title=讲师}] 
[{id=1.0,title=讲师}] 

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